How did Napoleon impact society today?

Napoleon has affected today’s society in several ways. Napoleon developed something called the Napoleonic Code. This was a series of laws that brought a sense of order and fairness to France. Prior to this code, people in France benefited based on their status because there wasn’t a uniform set of laws throughout France. The Napoleonic Code treated everybody equally, and it gave people who were poor a sense of hope that they could rise out of their condition of poverty. Some of these ideas were represented in the French Revolution that also served as the model for revolutions in other countries.

Napoleon also believed in treating the people he conquered fairly. This helped people in places he conquered be less likely to revolt against him. However, in conquest, Napoleon taught us another lesson. Conquering too much land may lead to your downfall. Napoleon’s desired to control all of Europe backfired. His attempt to blockade Great Britain and invade Russia weren’t successful and led to his demise. Germany, over a hundred years later, failed to learn from Napoleon’s error when they tried to invade the Soviet Union.

The United States benefitted from Napoleon’s rule. When Napoleon decided he wanted to conquer Europe, he decided to sell French land in North America to the United States. This led to the Louisiana Purchase that helped our country grow faster than it would probably have grown in the 1800s. Doubling the size of our country enhanced the goals of Manifest Destiny. By growing domestically as fast as we did, in part because of the amount of land gained in the Louisiana Purchase, allowed us to be ready to expand internationally around 1900, making us a world power. This world power status still exists today.

How can I write a reflective paper about this quotation? "Just as despair can come to one only from other human beings, hope, too, can be given...

Your assignment recalls the theme of John Donne's poem, "No Man is an Island":

No man is an island,
Entire of itself,
Every man is a piece of the continent,
A part of the main....
Any man's death diminishes me,
Because I am involved in mankind,
And therefore never send to know for whom the bell tolls; 
It tolls for thee. 

As part of the community of man, all share in the conditions of each and every one. This is poignantly clear in Elie Wiesel's Night where any hope about mankind and any trust in the world or in God is severely threatened. But, despite the horrific conditions, the inmates offer each other hope and strategies for survival. 

Therefore in a reflective essay, you might wish to construct a thesis statement in support of Elie Wiesel's words, contending that people can survive hardships, heartbreak, sickness, and despair if someone else loves them or encourages them—in other words, when hope is given to them by others.

Then, to support this thesis, the student can point to certain excerpts from the novel. For example, one such excerpt is that in which the head of the block coaches the inmates how to act during the inspection by the SS doctors. First, he tells them "I hope you will all succeed in getting through. But, you must help your own chances." Then, he coaches the men what they can do to improve their chances:

Before you go into the next room, move about in some ways ... to give yourselves a little color. Don't walk slowly; run! Run as if the devil were after you.

This is what Elie does. In fact, he is kidded about running so fast that the Nazis could not even read his number to write it down. Later, he talks with his poor father, weakened by the march to Buchenwald, and his father lovingly gives his knife and spoon to his son, saying that he can use it. But Elie does not want to take it because doing so is an admission that his father will die. Elie wishes to give his poor father some hope that can maybe support his psyche enough to preserve him. So, he tells him, "You need them as much as I do." 

Passages such as these will exemplify the theme stated by John Donne that "every man is a part of the continent"—that is, what Elie Wiesel calls hope that comes from others.

College Physics 1 Please explain what I did wrong on question 7 and 8

In question #7, the t-shirt has been fired straight upwards and hence the angle of firing is 90 degrees, with respect to the horizontal.

Thus, the time of flight would be,

`t = ((2u sin90)/g) = 3.06 s`  

You made a mistake of using 45 degrees as the angle of flight.

Another way to solve the question was to remember that ultimately the t-shirt will reach a velocity of 0 m/s and we can use simple equation of motion (v = u +at) to solve for the time, knowing the values of v, u and a.

In question #8, a sign error in value of g resulted in the mistake. Instead of using g as -9.8 m/s^2, it should have been 9.8 m/s^2. With that value of g, we will get a value of about 6.5 m as he vertical difference between the t-shirt and hot dog.

hope this helps. 

What did the Cuban Missile Crisis and the Vietnam War share in common?

The Vietnam War and the Cuban Missile Crisis are related to some degree. Both events were related to the spread of communism. In the Cuban Missile Crisis, the Soviet Union was installing offensive missiles in Cuba aimed at targets in the United States and Latin America. The Soviet Union became friendly with Cuba after the Cuban Revolution brought Fidel Castro to power in 1959. We weren’t happy to have a communist threat in the hemisphere, let alone only 90 miles from our shores. There were took actions to challenge the aggressive actions of the Soviet Union in Cuba. We instituted a blockade around Cuba and told the Soviet Union that any attack in the western hemisphere would be viewed as an attack on the United States. Eventually, a deal was reached, and the missiles were removed.

In the Vietnam War, we also were fighting the spread of communism. North Vietnam wanted to unite all of Vietnam under communist rule. We provided aid to South Vietnam to prevent this from happening. In the beginning of the conflict, the aid included money and weapons. Then military advisors went to South Vietnam. Eventually, soldiers were sent into South Vietnam. We were there to prevent the North Vietnamese from spreading communism to South Vietnam. When a ceasefire agreement was signed in 1973, we left South Vietnam, and South Vietnam remained noncommunist. However, within two years after we left South Vietnam, North Vietnam defeated South Vietnam, making Vietnam a communist country.

In "Patriotism" by Mishima, why is Shinji determined to die by ritual suicide?

In "Patriotism," Shinji feels that he must die by ritual suicide because he feels he has no other choice.

Shinji feels that suicide is the only honorable path to pursue. Members of Shinji's unit, the Konoe Transport Battalion, had sided with "the mutineers" against the government.  These battalion members participated in attacks aimed at overthrowing the prime minister and other government officials. The uprising failed, and the mutineers had been captured.  When he returns home, Shinji tells his wife the pain he feels over his predicament. He tells Reiko that he will have to carry out the "Imperial ordinance" the following morning.  Since members of his unit will be "posted as rebels," he will have to attack them.  

Shinji feels that he cannot carry out this order and that "it's impossible to do a thing like that."  After a pause, he repeats his agony to his wife:  “They’ve taken me off guard duty, and I have permission to return home for one night. Tomorrow morning, without question, I must leave to join the attack. I can’t do it, Reiko.”  When he tells her that he cannot attack his comrades, she understands that he feels that he has to kill himself.  He is "resolved" that suicide is the only choice he can make.  He chooses ritual suicide as a way to find honor in a situation that presents only dishonorable options for him.

Please help me with essay questions for Lord of the Flies.

As you don't actually list questions, I'm assuming you are an educator or education student trying to develop essay questions or prompts on Lord of the Flies to ask either on in-class essay tests or take-home assignments. 

One area that would be particularly fruitful is Golding's portrayal of religion. There are three religious elements in the novel. The first is that of the Church of England as reflected in several of the boys, led by Jack, singing in a choir. The second type of religion is the visionary one of Simon. The third type is the primitive or tribal religion into which Jack's followers regress. You could ask students to compare and contrast these visions of religion.

A second fruitful area for creating prompts is the notion of legitimate authority. Again, the novel offers up multiple visions of this. First is the notion of the conch and rule-based systems including democratic election, represented by Piggy and Ralph, the voices of reason in the group. A conflicting notion of authority is charismatic and populist, represented by Jack. Students could either compare and contrast these two notions of authority or write an argumentative paper on which version they think best. Another possibility would be to ask students to reflect on the relevance of these concepts of authority to current politics. 

In The Swiss Family Robinson, name three examples of advice that the father gives to his boys.

It is not hard to find instances of the father in The Swiss Family Robinson giving advice to his children.  He does so in almost every chapter.  Usually these bits of advice are short and are offered in response to some crisis or decision that the family faces, or to some misbehavior on the part of his boys.  But in chapter 16, "The First Sunday," the advice is much longer.  For his Sunday "sermon," the father creates a long cautionary parable and then applies it directly to each of his sons.

Here are some examples of bits of brief advice given in the moment.  

In Chapter 1, "Storm at Sea," when the family think they are facing death, the father encourages his boys, "God can save us if he will.  To him nothing is impossible; but if he thinks it good to call us to him [i.e. that we die], let us not murmur [complain]: we shall not be separated [but shall be together in Heaven]."

In Chapter 2, "Marooned," the family has survived the first night on the ship but now face the daunting question of how they can save themselves.  The father reminds them that God "has protected us till now, and will now extend a saving arm to us, if we do not give way to complaint and despair.  Let all hands set to work.  Remember that excellent maxim, 'God helps those who helps themselves.'" 

In Chapter 4, "Safe and Sound," the oldest son, Fritz, becomes very angry with the family's dogs when they eat a wild pig that he has hunted.  He beats them severely with his gun until the family can get him calmed down.  Once his fit of rage has passed, the father "reproach[es] him seriously for his violence.

'Uncontrolled anger,' I said, 'leads to every crime. Remember Cain, who killed his brother in a fit of passion.' 

'Oh, father!' said he, in a voice of terror."

These are just a few of many examples of advice the father gives whenever the occasion arises.  As we can see from the third example, his advice is not an idle hobby but could be a matter of life and death for the family.

Now to the father's sermon in Chapter 16.  The father tells an adventure story, sure to appeal to boys, of a king (who, in context, is obviously God) who sends some colonists to a deserted island equipped with seeds and a command to cultivate the island until he sends for them.  The island is called Earthly Abode.  Colonists are fetched from it by a ship called The Grave, and are brought back either to the Heavenly City or to the salt mines, according to how well they follow the king's instructions while on the island.

This is really brilliant.  A tale of colonists on a deserted island is not only hugely relevant to the family's situation, but it brings out how their situation is like a microcosm of all of life on Earth, according to the father's Christian worldview.  It also helps them re-frame their being marooned on an island as not just an unfortunate struggle for survival, but a sacred task that has been given to them.

But the father is not finished. After telling about the various ways in which the colonists in his parable neglected their duties, he goes on to apply these pointedly to his sons:

'You, Fritz, should take warning from the people who planted wild fruit and wished to make them pass for good fruit.  Such are those who are proud of natural virtues ... such as bodily strength or physical courage, and place these above the qualities which are only attained by labor and patience.

'You Ernest, must remember the subjects who laid out their lands in flowery gardens, like those who seek the pleasures of life, rather than the duties.  And you, my thoughtless Jack, and little Francis, think of the fate of those who left their land untilled, or heedlessly sowed tares for wheat.  These are God's people who neither study nor reflect; who cast to the winds all instruction, and leave room in their minds for evil.'

He then wraps up with a final exhortation, which could serve as his motto in the book:

'Then let us all be, like the good laborers of the parable, constantly cultivating our ground, that when Death comes for us, we may willingly follow him to the feet of the Great King, to hear these blessed words: "Good and faithful servants! enter into the joy of your Lord!"'

What is the major theme?

This is a tough question, because there are admittedly many themes at work in Dante's Divine Comedy. However, if you had to pinpoint a main theme, the most accurate answer would be that the main theme of the Divine Comedy is the individual search for salvation. 

In a nutshell, the whole poem is one epic chronicle of Dante's search for spiritual atonement. He first passes through the terrors of Hell, moves on to the trials of Purgatory, and then finally ascends into the bliss of Heaven. It is significant that this poetic journey parallels Dante's own journey in real life. At the time of the poem's composition, Dante was in exile, forced by political turmoil to leave his native Florence. Like his poetic avatar, Dante was actually lost in a "dark wood," cast adrift in the wilderness and unsure of who he was or where he was going. As such, it is conceivable to assume that Dante was writing his poem to record, in poetic, metaphorical form, his own personal journey for meaning, salvation, and home.

It's also worth noting that the individual aspect of this journey is significant. Though Dante was obviously a devout Christian, he was highly critical of much of the established Church, as is evident from his decision to place several high ranking church officials in the bowels of his poetic version of Hell. As such, the fact that Dante must make an independent journey (helped along, of course, by Virgil and Beatrice), rather than one that is facilitated by the Church, is a sign of his rejection of the corrupt, established Church in favor of a more authentic, independent spiritual quest.

Why was the slave trade abolished in 1807?

The United States Congress passed a law abolishing the slave trade in 1807 because that was the earliest that they were allowed to do so under the Constitution. When that document was written, many of the Framers, most from the North but also from Virginia, had wanted to abolish the trade, which even many slaveholders had come to see as immoral and cruel. Additionally, Virginia and Maryland planters had a surplus of labor, and if the external slave trade was closed, they could (and did) profit from an internal trade that saw their slaves shipped southward. But South Carolina and Georgia's delegates were bitterly opposed to such a measure, and the Framers, as part of a compromise that banned export taxes (while allowing import taxes) also protected the trade in human beings until 1808. Congress passed the law in 1807, but it was worded so as not to go into effect until 1808, and indeed another law . The British Parliament, under similar pressures, banned the trade more or less outright in 1807. We should note, of course, that the ban on the slave trade did not constitute a blow for the institution of slavery itself. It grew exponentially in the decades following 1807-08. 

In the short story "Boys and Girls", by Alice Munro, how is power shown?

In Alice Munro's story, "Boys and Girls," gender roles are examined and the power between the two genders is highlighted. In the narrator's family, there are two spheres--outside and inside. Outside is the fox farm and men's world, while inside is the kitchen and the women's world. The money to keep the farm going comes from the fox business, which is in the men's realm, so those who work there bring have the power. 

The narrator tries to exist in the outside world with the men; for a while she feels the same as then and feels empowered. When her mother says she needs to be in the house with her soon, however, the gender roles shift. The power also shifts as well. The narrator becomes disempowered when she lets the horse go free, as evidenced by her father who says, "she's only a girl." With this phrase, she is put in the women's sphere and any potential power taken away from her.

What are some tragic elements of the play Antony and Cleopatra?

The elements of tragedy include a tragic hero, pathos, and suffering.

The tragic hero in the play is Mark Antony. A tragic hero has a flaw, known as a tragic flaw, that leads to his destruction. Antony’s tragic flaw is his obsession with Cleopatra. Antony was supposed to be a hero of Rome, and one of the triumvirate. Instead of being a leader, he abandons his people (and his wife) to be with Cleopatra in Egypt.

Enobarbus explains the pull that Cleopatra has on Antony.  When Macaenas says that Antony has to leave Cleopatra to marry Octavius Caesar’s sister Octavia, Enobarbus says he never will.

MECAENAS

Now Antony must leave her utterly.

DOMITIUS ENOBARBUS

Never; he will not:
Age cannot wither her, nor custom stale
Her infinite variety: other women cloy
The appetites they feed: but she makes hungry
Where most she satisfies … (Act 2, Scene 2)

Antony’s first wife leads to his destruction when she acts against Caesar. Enobarbus knows that Antony will self-destruct because he will not be able to be faithful to Octavia. In pairing Antony with his sister, Caesar seals his fate. He knows that Antony will betray Octavia, and therefore him. He will then have an excuse to destroy Antony.

Does Antony love Cleopatra? He certainly does. However, his love is closer to obsession. To him, Cleopatra is like a drug. He follows her into oblivion, losing everything that he ever had. Antony feels that he can defeat Octavius, but it is a fool’s errand. Octavius has advantages of manpower and brainpower, and there is no way Antony can ever win against him.

A tragedy always uses pathos to pull at the heartstrings of the audience. There are many sad and moving speeches in this play. In fact, it has more speeches than most Shakespeare plays.

Antony and Cleopatra are at constant battle, in an almost childlike variety of arguments. You can tell how boisterous and volatile their love affair is.

Fie, wrangling queen! 
Whom every thing becomes, to chide, to laugh, 
To weep; whose every passion fully strives 
To make itself, in thee, fair and admired! 
No messenger, but thine; and all alone 
To-night we'll wander through the streets and note 
The qualities of people. Come, my queen; 
Last night you did desire it: speak not to us. (Act 1, Scene 1)

Other significant examples of pathos include Enobarbus’s description of Cleopatra’s yacht, Antony’s death, and Cleopatra’s interview with Caesar. Finally, there is Cleopatra’s speech as she is dying. This leads us to the final element, suffering.

Give me my robe, put on my crown; I have
Immortal longings in me: now no more
The juice of Egypt's grape shall moist this lip:
Yare, yare, good Iras; quick. Methinks I hear
Antony call; I see him rouse himself
To praise my noble act; I hear him mock
The luck of Caesar … (Act 5, Scene 2)

Cleopatra is forced to kill herself, and describes how she is going to meet Antony, who already killed himself. Her reference to Caesar’s luck shows that the only way she can defeat him was by killing herself. She refuses to live and allow him to march her through Rome in triumph.

Cleopatra’s tale is really the saddest. She has an affair with Antony to secure her position on the throne. This is still the case even if she loves him. She has to keep Rome happy.  Then she finds herself caught in the war between Octavius and Antony. She tries to negotiate with him to save her son, and her children with Antony. She is unsuccessful.  Caesarean is killed by Antony, and her children with Antony go to Octavius.

This play is a love story and a tragedy. It is not just a tragedy because both of the named principal characters die. It is a tragedy because they are in an impossible, no-win situation. Antony and Cleopatra are in love, and each is the other's weakness. Antony, a once-great man, meets his doom in a spectacular way. He believes that he is capable of so much more than he can actually handle.

Is imperialism/colonialism just another word for racism?

Imperialism is the territorial domination of one country over another. When we look at the New Imperialism of the late-nineteenth century, when Europe, the U.S. and Japan colonised much of Africa and Asia, we see how racism came into play. These imperialist nations were often motivated to expand by a belief in their racial and cultural superiority. This belief, called ethnocentrism, certainly motivated imperial nations to colonise because they felt compelled to 'civilise' these other countries. A great example of this is Rudyard Kipling's poem, White Man's Burden, which was published in 1899 and which basically states that it is the duty of imperialists to colonise and raise the standard of living across Asia and Africa.

While racism certainly played an important role in New Imperialism, the pursuit of profit should not be forgotten. Imperialism was, at its heart, a financially-motivated exercise. Imperial nations wanted to build empires so that they could plunder the natural resources of the developing world and then sell them their mass-produced goods. Competition over the Suez Canal in Egypt is a great example of this. Suez was an important trading point and control of this area gave imperialists the most direct access to the Far East and - potentially - to untapped sources of profit. 

In Lord of the Flies, what is significant about the boys choosing to kill a sow?

There are several possible meanings of the boys killing a sow. The first is that they are killing the thing that brings life, in a sense killing their connection to their parents and the world that they used to exist in. The fact that they stumble upon the sow while she is feeding her piglets and still decide to kill her is also an indication of their descent into savagery. This tendency towards brutal violence is emphasized during the final killing when Roger stabs his spear directly into the sow’s anus and the other boys find it “uproariously” funny.

This idea of violence against the symbol of a parent is also important as Golding tries to demonstrate his theory about how boys (or humans in general) would behave without the trappings of civilization to hold them back.

Based on the events that occur in The Absolutely True Diary of a Part-time Indian, how much of a person's fate is determined by environment?

The novel seems to argue that a person's situation is largely influenced by his or her environment but that there is the possibility for one to escape the clutches of fate given determination, struggle, and the right opportunity.  On the reservation, Junior sees many people who have gotten sucked into a horrible fate because the environment is harsh.  For example, his own sister Mary really wanted to be a writer when she was in school, but she ends up living in his parents' basement for a while before getting married and moving to another reservation only to die in her trailer started from a careless fire (she was drunk when the fire happened).  One could argue that Mary's fate was "sealed" by the harsh reality of alcohol abuse on the reservation.  However, Junior decides for himself that he does not want to fall victim to the fate of others around him, so he opts to go off the reservation to Reardan for his education.  The decision was not easy, and Junior has the support of his parents to make the choice a reality (his parents drive him to school when they can).  Junior has fought for this opportunity and arguably has thwarted the fate others suffered based on their environment.

What are the differences between parliamentary and presidential systems of democracy?

The fundamental differences between parliamentary and presidential democratic governments lie in the process by which heads of government are elected/appointed, the nature of cabinet selection, to whom governmental leaders are responsible, relationships between executive and legislative branches, and basic functions.

First, in a parliamentary government, executive selection is a result of appointment by the head of state and the individual appointed is typically selected from the largest party within parliament to ensure that fundamental goals of parliament are upheld. In a presidential regime the executive is elected by the people for a specific term; in the United States said term is four years and there is the potential that the executive can be reelected to serve a second term. Thus, in a parliamentary system each election has the potential to change which party is in control whereas in a presidential system elections themselves have said power unless Congress chooses to impeach the president or until the next election. Parliamentary systems may also hold elections at unscheduled times, unlike presidential elections, which occur at specific intervals. Furthermore, in parliamentary systems the entire constituency does not have the capacity to vote for the executive by name (except in Israel), while in presidential systems the entire country does have the opportunity to vote for the potential president by name (even though, as is the case in the United States, the electoral college essentially bypasses popular vote based on state population). In parliamentary regimes the head of government and head of state are usually not the same person; however, in presidential regimes one person holds both roles.

With respect to elections, in presidential systems the two primary parties (Democrat and Republican in the United States, for example) have the most power and a vote for a marginalized third party such as Independent, Libertarian, etc. is typically a wasted vote. In parliamentary systems, however, minority groups can create other parties and they have considerable influence with respect to existing coalitions.

A second difference involves cabinet appointees. In parliamentary systems the prime minister appoints ministers who can be personal choices or a result of coalition bargaining among parties. In presidential systems, however, the president appoints department heads but Congress must consent to said appointments. Relatedly, the cabinet in parliamentary systems is, essentially, an equal to the prime minister with the ability to exert considerable influence; however, in a presidential regime the president is the sole executive with cabinet members subordinate to him/her.

In parliamentary systems where the head of state and the majority party are aligned, the ruling party gets to govern the way it wants and pass whatever laws it desires. However, in presidential systems the legislature and executive often work against each other thanks to the inherent checks and balances systems to limit what the government can actually accomplish, and there is often sabotage by one party against another, especially when the president and legislature are of different parties, as is oftentimes the case in the United States.

What is a quote from the trial scene when Scout talks about Mayella Ewell in To Kill a Mockingbird?

One of the passages from Chapter 18 of To Kill a Mockingbird that depicts the character of Mayella Ewell is the following:

Apparently Mayella’s recital had given her confidence, but it was not her father’s brash kind: there was something stealthy about hers, like a steady-eyed cat with a twitchy tail.

This quote is fairly indicative of Mayella's character. She is more feline in her entrapment of Tom Robinson than the brash Bob Ewell, who has boldly called Sheriff Tate and had Robinson arrested for rape, even though no doctor has been summoned. Previous to the day in question, Mayella has made several overtures to Tom, asking him to help her with various tasks. But, she tries to intimate that Tom's chopping up of the chiffarobe was the first time he was inside her yard. For, when Atticus asks her,

"Was this the first time you asked him to come inside the fence?"

Mayella "jumps slightly" at this question. Then, as Atticus questions her further, Mayella looks around at the court reporter and up at Judge Taylor as though measuring those around her. Further, as Atticus asks her if Tom beat her in the face, Mayella replies,

"No, I don't recollect if he hit me. I mean yes I do, he hit me....Huh? Yes, he hit--I just don't remember, I just don't remember...it all happened so quick."

With this "twitchy" response, one can easily imagine a cat who twitches its tale as it squares off against its prey.

Why did Hitler hate and kill the people in the camp?

Adolf Hitler is remembered as one of the most tyrannical and hateful leaders of the twentieth century. Much of his hate was directed against Jews - the people he believed were responsible for Germany's decline in the 1920s and 1930s. Some of this hatred for Jewish people was also based on Hitler's own personal experiences. As a young man, he had gone to Vienna to be an artist but wasn't accepted into the city's academy of art. He attributed this failure to the Jews because modernism in art had become very fashionable and was, in his opinion, a trend started by Jewish artists. 

Hitler's hate also spread to other minorities, including gay and disabled people. The reason for this stems from his belief in the purity and superiority of the German people, a belief system called Aryanism. For Hitler and the Nazis, the perfect Aryan was blonde with blue eyes  and anyone who did not fit this criteria posed a threat to the German race.  

As for the murders perpetrated by the Nazi party, this 'Final Solution' had began with a series of anti-Semitic laws which Hitler had passed to exclude Jewish people from everyday life in Germany. This did not completely eradicate the Jews, as Hitler had hoped, and so the next logical step was to murder them - an act he authorised in 1941. By the end of World War Two, he had approved the murder of six million Jews and many thousands of other minorities. 

What is a number that cannot be written as a ratio of two integers?

A number that cannot be expressed as a ratio of two integers is said to be irrational.

There are names for groups of numbers:

The natural numbers or the counting numbers are 1,2,3,...
The integers are whole numbers including zero and the negative numbers.
The rationals are numbers that can be expressed as a ratio of two integers.
The irrationals are numbers on the real number that cannot be expressed as a ratio of two integers.

There are subdivisions of the irrationals:

Algebraic numbers are solutions of equations involving addition, subtraction, multiplication, division, and the taking of roots (or rational powers.) Thus sqrt(2) is an algebraic irrational since it is the solution to x^2=2, but cannot be expressed as a ratio of integers.

Transcendental numbers are irrationals that are not algebraic. Pi, e (approximately 2.71828), sin(20) are transcendental. The vast majority of real numbers are transcendental.

Describe the Green Palace and its contents.

At the beginning of Chapter Six, the Time Traveller visits the Green Palace. Externally, this palace catches the Time Traveller's eye because it is much larger than any other building he has seen thus far. It is ruined, like the other surrounding buildings, but is green in colour, and it appears to be made out of porcelain. 

In Chapter Eight, the Time Traveller's curiosity prompts him to revisit the Green Palace and explore its interior. As it is ruined, its windows are smashed and the metal frame, which supports its structure, is damaged. There is an inscription over the doorway but the Time Traveller cannot read it because he does not understand the language.

Entering the building, the Time Traveller finds himself in a long room, with windows dotted along either side. The overwhelming impression of this room is one of neglect and ruin: the floor and shelves are thick with dust and the roof is cracked and leaking water. But, even in its poor state, the Time Traveller soon realizes that the palace was once a museum. In this room are pieces of dinosaur skeleton, fossils and some unrecognized objects in glass jars, dotted along the shelves. 

Leaving this room and proceeding to the next, the Time Traveller finds a gallery devoted to rocks and minerals and, next, a collection of natural history relics. Many of these, unfortunately, are no longer recognizable because they have been neglected for so long. 

As the Time Traveller continues to explore, however, Weena becomes very distressed. She alerts him to the sloped floor which leads to a tunnel of darkness. The pair notice some small footprints, suggestive of the Morlocks but the Time Traveller presses on and finds a staircase which he ascends. Upstairs, he comes across more ancient collections and, more importantly, a box of matches which he can use to protect himself and Weena from the Morlocks.

Eventually, after wandering through more galleries, filled with statues and other relics, he stumbles across some guns, rifles and, crucially, two sticks of dynamite. Pocketing the dynamite, he and Weena wander down to an open courtyard and rest before leaving the Green Palace. This dynamite, along with the matches, can be used to fend off the Morlocks and help the Time Traveller to break open the Sphinx and take back his time machine. 

What is the major similarity between the 2 societies, the Lilliputians and the Brobdingnagian in Gulliver’s Travels?

In creating the two very different societies who populate "Gulliver's Travels," Swift uses size to great effect in making his satirical points about each group of people.

The Brobdingnagians are gigantic compared to Gulliver. They're human in every way except their size, and so they frighten, even disgust Gulliver, since he sees all aspects of their physiology close up. Though the Brobdingnagians are somewhat terrifying to him, they are, in action, a fair and reasonable people, with sensible laws. They are Big, then, as drawn by Swift - a large-hearted people with noble aspirations.

The Lilliputians, in contrast, are Small, in size and character - and Swift portrays them as having the worst characteristics of human beings. They're mean, vain, petty - they reach positions of power by performing absurd acts. They're also very technically adept, in terms of machinery, armaments and legalities. In other words, much like the worst aspects of modern, post-agrarian society.

The Brobdingnagians represent relatively civil, rural, "small town" ethics, while the Lilliputians represent the ethics of survival of the fittest, with a Napoleonic complex thrown in. They regard self interest and political machinations as an accepted way of life. The Lilliputian ethos is, 'learn to swim with the sharks,' a code of ethics most associated today with large cities and centralization of power.

Why can't a single celled organism have complex systems?

Single celled organisms or prokaryotes lack complex systems, which are a necessity to multicellular organisms or eukaryotes. Prokaryotes carry out all the life processes at very simple and efficient level.

In comparison, eukaryotes have complex systems (such as circulatory, nervous, digestive systems, etc.) for carrying out life processes. Complex systems are composed of several cells. Cells that carry out similar functions, group together as tissues (such as muscle tissues or nerve tissues). Tissues with similar functions are grouped as organs (such as our heat or lungs, etc.) and they carry out a common function (or functions). A group of such organs working in conjunction to achieve common functions are known as organ systems, such as circulatory system.

Thus, we can see that complex systems are composed of a large number of cells. Single celled organisms lack multiple cells and cannot have any complex system.

Hope this helps.  

In "The Cold Equations" by Tom Godwin, what might happen to Marilyn?

In Tom Godwin's short story "The Cold Equation," authorities have created the interstellar regulation declaring, "Any stowaway discovered in an EDS shall be jettisoned immediately following discovery." This is because the Emergency Dispatch Ships needed to be small and lightweight in design so that they could speedily and effectively reach the distant colonies needing emergency assistance. Due to the necessary small and lightweight design, EDSs can only carry enough fuel needed to reach their destinations. Extra weight created by stowaways would burn up fuel to fast, ensuring the EDS would crash, costing many lives. Therefore, one stowaway must lose his/her life in order to save the lives of many.

Since that's the case, Marilyn will be jettisoned from Barton's EDS. Upon discovering that she was only a young, naive girl, he tried to negotiate a rescue mission with Commander Delhart, but Commander Delhart gave Barton the reply he was expecting, an emergency stop made by the hyperspace cruiser would cost many lives. However, Barton was able to calculate how much time she could safely stay on-board if he reduced his declaration speed and negotiate with the commander to permit her to stay for that long.

Once jettisoned into outer space, since she will not be wearing a space suit, scientists report that, in the vacuum of outer space, her lungs will expand, causing tissue tearing; she will lose vision as the liquid surrounding her eyes boils off in seconds; she will lose consciousness and blood circulation and die of asphyxiation, meaning suffocation. The whole process would take a matter of two minutes.

If the cutoffs for a z test score are -2.58 and 2.58, determine whether you would reject or fail to reject the null hypothesis for z score .95

The cutoffs are given as -2.58 or 2.58. This creates a critical region that is in two parts: any test score below -2.58 or above 2.58 is in the critical region.

If a test score is in the critical region you would reject the null hypothesis. Essentially you are saying that if the null hypothesis were correct, a result as the one you are testing should not happen, at least within you level of certainty.

Here your score is in the non-critical region. This implies that the result could easily occur by chance if the null hypothesis was correct.

Thus if the test score is z=.95 you would not reject the null hypothesis. ( Given the critical points +-2.58)

** You cannot say that the alternative hypothesis is false. At most you can say that there is insufficient evidence to support the alternative hypothesis.**

Describe Daniel's home on the mountain in The Bronze Bow.

In the beginning of The Bronze Bow, Daniel, the protagonist, lives in the mountain camp of Rosh, who leads a band of men dedicated to overthrowing Roman rule. Daniel's mountain home is rustic, but there are things about it that he loves. To reach the camp requires a difficult climb up a rocky mountainside. The men who live in the camp, including Daniel, sleep in a cave on top of animal skins. They cook meat over an open fire outside the cave. Daniel has a rough forge outside the cave in the open air where he performs his blacksmith duties. Food such as raw vegetables and water in goatskins are kept in the back of the cave to stay cool. Daniel loves the freedom of living on the mountain, the fresh air, and the wind. More than the physical setting, however, he loves the lack of responsibility; the distance from the Roman soldiers, who he hates; and the feeling of knowing he is doing something to free his land of Roman rule. 

In Treasure Island, how is the central conflict of the novel resolved?A. Jim Hawkins helps Long John Silver and Captain Smollett to treat Ben...

There are elements of truth in each of the options, but C is the only correct answer.

While Ben Gunn hints to Jim that he has already found the treasure, claiming that he's rich, Jim doesn't catch on to this at the time. Because Jim left the stockade to recover and beach the Hispaniola, he wasn't present to learn Dr. Livesey negotiated with Ben Gunn to relocate the stockade group to Gunn's cave, where Gunn had already recovered and stored the treasure. Jim spends most of the remainder of the story confused as to why the stockade was abandoned to the pirates, and the treasure map given to Silver. 

With the exception of Silver, who negotiated with Jim and Dr. Livesey to spare himself, the remaining pirates are marooned on the island, though not without provisions left behind by the doctor. Because most of the original crew is dead, the Hispaniola needs replacements before it can attempt crossing the ocean back to England, and so it travels to the nearest port in the Americas. While there, Silver escapes, and thereby avoids punishment.

Why do dogs and cats look different?

Cats and dogs have different numbers and types of genes and chromosomes. This causes dogs and cats to look different.

The physical traits of a species are a result of their genes. Genes are segments of DNA that code for a specific protein. Proteins are involved in the expression of traits.

DNA is a nucleic acid. In fact, DNA stands for deoxyribonucleic acid. DNA is composed of smaller building blocks called nucleotides. Each nucleotide consists of a deoxyribose sugar, a phosphate group, and a nitrogenous base. There are four kinds of nitrogenous bases in DNA. DNA’s nitrogenous bases are adenine, thymine, cytosine, and guanine. The order of the nucleotides determines the genes that an individual will have. Dogs and cats have different genes, thus dogs and cats make different proteins and look different from one another.

Furthermore, each species has a unique number of chromosomes. Chromosomes are composed of DNA that is wound around proteins. Chromosomes look like thread-like strands. Dogs have 78 diploid chromosomes. Cats have 38 diploid chromosomes. Again, this results in a different physical appearance of dogs and cats.

On a larger scale, we can see that these differences in genes is a result of the individual genetic adaptations each species has experienced over time.

What is one incident, action, or piece of dialogue that confirms a character is a subjective character in Harper Lee's To Kill a Mockingbird?

When asking about a subjective character, you might be referring to the "subjective character of experience," which is a psychology term coined by psychologist Thomas Nagel in his very influential paper titled "What is it Like to Be a Bat?" Through using the term, he argues that all conscious beings see their environment differently, and it is possible to speak of that beings own subjective view and experience of his/her own environment. All characters in Harper Lee's To Kill a Mockingbird see their environment subjectively, with the exception of Atticus, who always strives to see things from others' points of view. Eventually, other characters learn from Atticus about how to see from others' perspectives.

One good example of a character who only sees from a subjective view is Aunt Alexandra. Unlike her brother Atticus, Alexandra is very stuck in her ways. In particular, she has very old-school views about what society should value. She sees the Finches as very important members of society because they have a long history of being wealthy, educated landowners. As a result of her views, she attempts to get her brother to raise his children to believe their family is special. When she first moves into the Finch household to help Atticus raise his children, at her prompting, Atticus goes into Jem's room to make the following speech to his children:

Your aunt has asked me to try and impress upon you and Jean Louise that you are not from run-of-the-mill people, that you are the product of several generations' gentle breeding-- ... and that you should try to live up to your name-- (Ch. 13)

However, when Scout breaks down in tears, Atticus recants. He implies that he doesn't agree with his sister's view of what is important and tells his children to forget what he had said, to forget about the importance of behaving like a Finch.

Since Aunt Alexandra sees herself and the Finch family as very special, she looks down her nose at others, especially African Americans and farmers. She refuses to understand Atticus's desires to treat Calpurnia as one of the family and even to understand why he is defending Tom Robinson. In addition, when Scout says she wants to invite her schoolmate Walter Cunningham home for lunch once school starts up again, Aunt Alexandra refuses to permit it; she even stoops so low as to say, "[H]e--is--trash," which angers Scout to the point of tears and shows us that Aunt Alexandra is unable to see her environment from any perspective but her own (Ch. 23).

What is the cause and effect of "The Allegory of the Cave?"

In this allegory, people are in a cave, chained to a wall in such a way that they can only face one way and essentially have no knowledge that there is anything behind them. But behind them are puppet performers and behind the performers there is a fire. Further behind this is a passage that leads outside the cave to the sunlight. The people in the cave only see the shadows on the wall the face. The shadows are created by the performers. So, the chained people only see a semblance of the truth. The absolute Truth lies outside the cave in the sunlight. So, the people in the cave are thrice removed from absolute Truth: Sun/Truth - Performers/Fire - Shadows. 

This allegory shows that there is more to truth or "reality" than what we see and experience. In Plato's Idealist philosophy, the allegory is meant to show how his abstract Forms (Ideal ideas of things in their perfect form of Truth) are three times removed from our normal experience. The allegory also suggests that philosophers or the philosopher-king rulers he talks about in The Republic, should (after they become enlightened in seeing the Truth/Sun) go back into the cave (back to the city/society) in order to rule and educate the masses. 

This allegory is a classic structural way of presenting the notion of "thinking outside the box." In this case, the box is a cave, but Plato has other applications of the metaphor, as discussed above. 

What causes people to experience things so far from Truth? This is a broad topic, so there is too much to go into here. But consider things like culture, ideology, our fallible senses, and tradition as things which structure our thinking and behavior. Plato was "caused" or motivated to write the allegory to illustrate how people should aspire to greater truths that they should go above and beyond traditional ways of thinking. The hope is that this will create many effects: a more educated public and more particularly, a more educated body of leaders. 

In the history of Western Philosophy, this allegory has had a great effect on subsequent thinkers. Philosophers have debated different interpretations of the allegory but all consider it to be one of the most important allegories of seeking truth and wisdom. 

What is the personification in Langston Hughes's poem "As I Grew Older"?

Personification is a type of figurative language in which an author gives inanimate objects human characteristics. In his poem "As I Grew Older," Langston Hughes uses a couple instances of personification.

One example of personification can be seen in his description of the wall. He says that a wall rose, higher and higher, separating him from his dream, as we see in the following lines:

And then the wall rose,
Rose slowly,
Slowly,
Between me and my dream.

Yet, this wall rises by itself, whereas walls can only literally rise due to the work of human hands. Since humans are absent in his description of the wall rising, we know he is describing the wall as being able to rise of its own accord, which is giving the wall human characteristics, or personifying the wall.

A second example of personification can be seen in the commands he gives his hands:

My hands!
My dark hands!
Break through the wall!
Find my dream!

Hands do not move of their own accord to fulfill commands. Instead, people use hands to fulfill their own desired purposes. Since Hughes is characterizing his hands as being able to listen and follow through with a command, we know he is giving his hands human characteristics, which is personification.

Why did Atticus choose to defend Tom even though no one else wanted him to?

In Chapter 9, Scout asks her father why he is defending Tom Robinson when the community believes that he shouldn't be defending a Negro. Atticus tells Scout that the main reason he decided to defend Tom was because he wouldn't be able to hold up his head in town, represent Maycomb in the legislature, or tell his children what to do anymore. In Chapter 11, Scout insists that Atticus must be wrong, and he explains to her that Tom's case "goes to the essence of a man's conscience" (Lee 66). Atticus says that he couldn't live with himself if he didn't defend Tom to the best of his abilities. He says,

"The one thing that doesn't abide by majority rule is a person's conscience" (Lee 66).

Atticus is a morally upright individual who is forced to follow his conscience instead of popular opinion. He would not be able to live with the guilt of not defending Tom Robinson. Despite the opinions of others, Atticus follows his heart and does the right thing by defending Tom.

Did Daniel Boone have kids?

One of the most famous explorers and pioneers in U.S. history, Daniel Boone was born on November 2 1734 in Pennsylvania. Boone married Rebecca Bryan on August 14 1756 and, according to the Boone Association, had the following children:

• James Boone, born May 3 1757


• Israel Boone, born January 25 1759


• Susannah Boone, born November 20 1760


• Jemima Boone, born October 4 1762


• Levina Boone, born March 23 1766


• Rebecca Boone, born May 26 1768


• Daniel Morgan Boone, born December 23 1769


• Jesse Boone, born May 23 1773


• William Boone, born June 20 1775


• Nathan Boone, born March 3 1781

Daniel Boone fathered 10 children in his marriage to Rebecca. Sadly, William Boone died soon after his birth but it is interesting to note that Nathan Boone, his final child, was the first white man to be born in Kentucky.

What is a summary of the poem "Ex Basketball Player," and how does the topic relate to the poem?

"Ex-Basketball Player" by John Updike defines Flick as what he used to be, while there is no definition of what he has become. For, in the present, Flick Webb's life is merely spent in a routine of mediocrity and his past glory is gone.

John Updike's title, "Ex-Basketball Player," complements the metaphoric meaning of Flick's name since he has been stellar only for a brief "flick" of the spotlight in time. All he is now is merely what he has been. For, Flick Webb, who was a former basketball star for his high school team, now works at Berth's Garage, where he towers over "the idiot pumps." While he was in school, he "racked up" three hundred ninety points, "a county record still." However, while he was in school, Flick never learned a trade, so all he does is sell gas, checks oil, and changes flat tires. When he is not at the gas station, Flick just "hangs around" Mae's luncheonette. Now, the only crowd that Flick faces are merely the "bright applauding tiers" of packaged candy and cookies. His life has become a mockery of what it once was as he cannot go beyond his glorified days in high school.

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Why did many Americans oppose U.S. participation in World War II?

Having seen what World War I did to Europe and what it did in terms of killing and maiming so many American boys, opposition to involvement in foreign wars had taken deep root in the American public and in many powerful politicians and influential Americans. After the onset of the great depression, many Americans also felt that focusing on solving the economic malaise afflicting so many citizens should take priority over any concern for international affairs and entanglements.

Time and again Congress opposed measures that FDR wanted to take and they also took other steps to try and preclude any entanglements that would push the United States into being involved with the turmoil in Europe at the end of the 1930's. 

Some of the same racial prejudice that existed in Europe and helped Hitler to power also existed in the United States and there were quite a few people who sympathized with the Nazi leader and had no desire to spend American lives and treasure to oppose him.

It took the attack on Pearl Harbor to turn a majority of Americans in favor of the war and even as public opinion shifted, there were certainly still quite a few Americans who remained in opposition to involving ourselves in World War II.

Suppose an organism had the genotype AABb. What gametes would be produced from this organism?

Sperm and egg cells are called gamete cells or gametes. Gametes are formed during a process called meiosis. Normally cells contain two copies of each chromosome. This means that there are also two copies of each gene. When there are two copies of each chromosome, the cell is said to be diploid (2n). During the process of meiosis, the number of copies of each chromosome in each cell is reduced from two to one. When there is one copy of each chromosome in a cell, the cell is said to be haploid (n). Each cell that undergoes meiosis eventually produces four gamete cells, each containing one copy of each gene. 

The cell that we are interested in has the genotype AABb. This means that both versions of gene “A/a” are the same, while there are different versions of gene “B/b.” Different versions of genes are called alleles. So, for gene “A/a” this cell has two copies of allele A and no copies of allele a. For gene “B/b,” this cell has one copy of allele B and one copy of allele b.

In this case, we are going to assume that gene “A/a” and gene “B/b” are on separate chromosomes. This means that each gene will sort independently without being influenced by the other gene.

Let’s write the genotype of our cell using bold and italic font so that we can keep track of each individual allele: AABb.

Each gamete produced from a cell with this genotype will have one version of gene “A/a” and one version of gene “B/b.” Gene “A/a” can only produce gametes with the allele A. Gene “B/b” can produce gametes with either allele B or allele b.

This means that the geneotypes of the four gamete cells will be: AB, Ab, AB, and Ab. So 50% of the gametes will have the genotype AB and 50% of the gametes will have the genotype Ab.

How does Miss Gates act like a hypocrite in chapter 26?

The topic of Adolf Hitler came up one day in class. The students asked questions about Hitler and how he was persecuting the Jews. Miss Gates made it clear that the United States was different from Germany:

"Over here we don't believe in persecuting anybody. Persecution comes from people who are prejudiced. Prejudice," she enunciated carefully. "There are no better people in the world than the Jews, and why Hitler doesn't think so is a mystery to me" (To Kill a Mockingbird, Chapter 26).

Miss Gates failed to acknowledge the injustices that African Americans in Maycomb faced. Tom Robinson was convicted of a crime by a white jury even though evidence showed that he did not commit it. Tom's wife was having trouble finding work because of her husband's trial. Black residents of Maycomb faced the harsh realities of segregation.

Scout felt uneasy about what her teacher said in class. Later, she discussed it with Jem. Leaving the courthouse during the trial, Scout had overheard Miss Gates talking. The teacher talked about how how the blacks of Maycomb should be taught a lesson. She expressed her views against interracial marriage. Scout asked her brother about it:  

"How can you hate Hitler so bad an' then turn around and be ugly about folks right at home[?]"

Trying to connect "The Monkeys Paw" and "By The Waters of Babylon" through the theme of "Temptation".

The theme of temptation is very clearly seen in “The Monkey’s Paw.”  The White family is tempted by Morris’s tale of how the monkey’s paw can grant three wishes to its holder.  They are tempted by their visions of what three wishes could do for them.  Even though Morris has had three wishes and is clearly frightened or saddened when he thinks of what happens when he got those wishes, the White family is tempted to try their luck.  Of course, once they actually carry through and make the wishes, they regret it.  

The theme of temptation is not as obvious in “By the Waters of Babylon.”  We see it most clearly at the end.  John comes to realize that the “gods” who built the Place of the Gods were actually people.  He realizes that people built the magnificent city that lies in ruins now and he is determined to have his people work to reclaim their lost ability to do such things.  John is tempted by the idea that his people can become materially wealth and powerful.  He ignores the fact that wealth and power helped bring about the disaster that destroyed the ancient civilization.  At the end of the story, he gives in to temptation and is going to encourage his society to “build again.”

I would say, then, that these stories are linked by the theme of temptation.  In both, the main characters are tempted to grab for things that have harmed others before them.  They are both seemingly convinced that the bad things that happened to others cannot happen to them.  They ignore the danger because they are tempted by the lure of what they might get.  We know that this ends badly for the Whites in “The Monkey’s Paw,” but we do not know for sure what will happen to John’s people in “By the Waters of Babylon.”

I require quotes regarding deception in the Kite Runner, I have found many on betrayal but only a few on lying

He asked me to fetch Hassan too, but I lied and told him Hassan had the runs. I wanted Baba all to myself.

Amir was always envious of Baba's affection towards Hassan. He never understood how Baba would treat Hassan like his son. Amir only learned later that Hassan was his half-brother. Sanaubar, Hassan’s mother, got intimate with Baba so she could have a child because Ali was sterile. However, she abandoned Hassan soon after he was born. Further, she was a Hazara and could not have an official relationship with Baba. Although Baba did not publicly relate with Hassan as his father, he always treated him as such. He invited him whenever they were going for trips with Amir.

I faked interest for as long as possible. I cheered with him when Kabul’s team scored against Kandahar.

In attempts to live up to his father’s expectations, Amir pretended to like football, at least, as a spectator. Baba was athletic during his youth. He hoped his son would follow in his footsteps. However, Amir was not inclined to live up to his father’s expectations. Instead, he was interested in literature. This irked his father who viewed poetry or literature as an embodiment of his son’s “soft” character.

‘Imbecile.’ It means smart, intelligent. I’ll use it in a sentence for you. ‘When it comes to words, Hassan is an imbecile.

In this instance, Amir employed his knowledge of English to deceive Hassan. Hassan was illiterate with no hopes of ever attending school because of his social status. He relied on Amir to explain some of the words he did not understand, but during this instance, Amir lied to him. However, Amir did this in jest as he was teasing Hassan.

I lifted Hassan’s mattress and planted my new watch and a handful of Afghani bills under it.

Amir lied to his father about his lost watch, which he had planted in Hassan’s room. He did not want Hassan around him anymore because of the guilt he carried around. He did nothing to help Hassan when Assef raped him.

Why was Germany angry that they had land taken away from them?

These lands were taken from Germany after the Treaty of Versailles. They included Alsace-Lorraine between Germany and France, Schleswig-Holstein between Germany and Denmark, and a good deal of land on the eastern border with Poland. Through the Treaty, Germany also temporarily lost control of the Saar Valley, an important industrial region. Germans were angry because they viewed this as an insult to their national honor. It is important to realize that World War I ended without Allied troops entering Germany. So the armistice was a shock to many Germans, and the Treaty was viewed as a capitulation or a "stab in the back" on the part of the new government. The land cessions were mostly lands that Germany had annexed throughout the nineteenth century, and many contained thousands of ethnic Germans. So to lose these lands was a real slap in the face to the German nation. It also, especially the loss of Alsace-Lorraine, had strategic implications by opening the frontier to potential invasion. In the context of the other affronts to Germany that pervaded the Treaty of Versailles, losing all these lands felt like an insufferable indignity.

What makes Gatsby great?

Gatsby is great because he, simply put, retains an optimism and ability to dream that the vast majority of other characters in the book do not.  When Nick returns from the war, he feels a discontent that is very common among Americans in the 1920s; even Daisy feels disillusioned.  The world no longer seems like the same place that it did before the war.  However, Gatsby returned from the war with the same fire he's always felt to do better, be more, reach higher.  He believes that he can absolutely return to the past, when he and Daisy were sweetly in love; he thinks that it is possible to possess that kind of innocence again, despite her new status as a wife and a mother.  Regardless of these changes or any other obstacles, he "believed in the green light, the orgastic future that year by year recedes before us."  Even though his dreams seem to get further and further away, Gatsby keeps his optimistic belief in their possibility, their probability, even in the face of seemingly insurmountable odds.  This hopefulness makes him great.

What important event does Ponyboy relate to Cherry in the popcorn line?

While standing in the popcorn line at the drive-in movies with Cherry, Ponyboy retells the story of when Johnny was badly beaten by a group of Socs. Pony says that it was a warm, spring day about four months ago, when him, Steve, and Sodapop were walking home from the DX station. As the boys were walking past the open field by the corner of the block where they play football, Steve noticed Johnny's blue-jean jacket. Steve saw blood stains on the collar of the jacket and the ground leading to the far end of the field. The boys heard Johnny moan, and when they turned his body right-side-up, they saw that Johnny had been badly beaten. Ponyboy says he was cut, bruised, and swollen all over his face. Johnny told the gang that a blue Mustang full of Socs jumped him, and one of the boys was wearing a handful of rings. Pony tells Cherry that Johnny became a nervous wreck after that night and was jumpier than ever. 

According to Captain Beatty, how did censorship begin?

Montag is so affected by the woman who chose to burn with her books that he decides to skip work, effectively intending to call in sick. He has also stolen a book from the woman's house. When Montag does not report for work, Beatty goes to visit "the sick man." Beatty goes into the history of the firemen and how censorship began: 

Every fireman, sooner or later, hits this. They only need understanding, to know how the wheels run. Need to know the history of our profession. 

Beatty says it all started with the Civil War, presumably indicating it started with a rift between culture and race. Beatty says people did not get along until photography, film, television, and radio became popular. These mediums were effective in keeping people happy because they applied to a mass audience. Beatty goes on to describe how fast-paced this kind of entertainment was becoming: 

School is shortened, discipline relaxed, philosophies, histories, languages dropped, English and spelling gradually neglected, finally almost completely ignored. Life is immediate, the job counts, pleasure lies all about after work. Why learn anything save pressing buttons, pulling switches, fitting nuts and bolts? 

In other words, with this kind of entertainment and lifestyle, there are less reasons for the public to think for themselves. Books were too particular, profound, and diverse whereas movies and television were simplified and could appeal to the majority. Therefore, Beatty claims, it was the public (not the government) that dictated the censorship of books. The public would rather be happy with a homogeneous, generally well-liked product than have to deal with many different philosophies and viewpoints in books:

There you have it, Montag. It didn't come from the Government down. There was no dictum, no declaration, no censorship, to start with, no! 

Beatty goes on to say that the firemen were simply carrying out the will of the people. People don't want to be unhappy or offended. So, literature would be banned and the mass appeal of the movies and television (parlour shows) would be embraced: 

Colored people don't like Little Black Sambo. Burn it. White people don't feel good about Uncle Tom's Cabin. Burn it. 

Analyse a situation whereby the dominance of the monopolist is challenged. How will the monopolist respond?

First, recall that a monopolist raises prices in order to make higher profits than a competitive firm would in the same market. They are able to do so because no competition exists to undercut their prices.

If a competitor emerges, they may undercut the monopoly's price, thereby drawing customers away and forcing the monopoly firm to reduce their prices. That means less profit for the monopolist--so obviously they will not be happy about this.

However, there are some options the monopoly firm has in order to avoid this outcome. With only one other firm competing with them, they are in duopoly, which is almost a monopoly and can be made to behave like one. The two firms may attempt to collude, agreeing (either explicitly, which is usually illegal, or tacitly, which is legal but harder to sustain) to maintain the higher monopoly price and split the profits.

There is an incentive for each firm to break this collusion by undercutting the other company's price; but if they do, they know that they will create a price war that eventually drives prices down to the competitive level. If they expect the other firm to stick around for a long time, they can actually enter an equilibrium where both firms tacitly collude in order to avoid being punished by the other firm later.

If collusion is not an option, the monopoly might instead try regulatory capture, lobbying the government to make regulations in their favor, perhaps complex licensing requirements that only an established firm is capable of meeting. In effect they use the government to shut down the other company and restore their monopoly.

Are superpowers physically, genetically, or mentally possible?

It depends on what you mean by superpowers. If you are thinking about flying liking Superman, it may not be possible physically, genetically or mentally. We are not likely to see a Superman, Hulk or Thor anytime soon. Similarly, no superpowers such as telepathy, cross-dimensional awareness, fire breath, telekinesis or teleportation are possible. 

Having said that, there are always some people who are more intelligent than others, faster than others or have heightened senses as compared to others. If you can think of intellect, speed, etc., as powers, then there are always some people endowed with these. Whether we can increase these and other human capabilities through medication, genetic changes or other means is questionable. There are always claims that a certain diet or medication can increase brain power or memory, yet their claims cannot be verified.

We may be able to enhance some human capabilities by genetic engineering in the future, but the type of superpowers that we see in comics and movies are not yet conceivable. (If it is of some respite, Batman and Ironman are super heroes, and are simply a product of advanced gadgets. Though, many will not consider their abilities as superpowers).

Hope this helps.

What kind of mixture is a suspension?

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What is the style of the "The Declaration of Independence," and which rhetorical strategies does Jefferson use?

Thomas Jefferson uses a persuasive but formal style when writing "The Declaration of Independence." He uses long, compound and complex sentences, and often employs semicolons instead of ending with periods, which makes each sentence seem extremely drawn out and somewhat difficult to read.

Jefferson also likes to begin sentences with coordinating conjunctions, such as "and", "for", and "but", which have the rhetorical effect of emphasizing how important the addition, reason, or the contradiction is. For example, he states the following:

But when a long train of abuses and usurpations, pursuing invariably the same object, evinces a design to reduce them under absolute despotism, it is their right, it is their duty, to throw off such government... 

The author also uses anaphora, the repetition of words or phrases at the beginning of lines or paragraphs, for both style and rhetorical effect when he begins a series of complaints with the word "For."

Other style applications which add to the rhetorical effect include the fact that he often capitalizes certain common nouns which he believes are essential to man, such as "Life, Liberty, and the Pursuit of Happiness" and "FREE AND INDEPENDENT STATES".

Jefferson uses all three Greek rhetorical appeals in the document. For example, he uses ethos when he states, "We hold these truths to be self-evident, that all men are created equal..." Here, the reader can recognize that it is ethically correct to treat all human beings equally, so they agree with the speaker.

Next, Jefferson also uses logos when he mentions the fact that the king of England has "a history of repeated injuries and usurpations." The reader can look up facts related to this "history" and see for himself that such was the case. However, Jefferson provides the reader with a list of transgressions, such as the fact that that king cut off their trade, imposed taxes without consent, denied them a trial by jury, and abolished "the free system of English laws."

Finally, Jefferson uses pathos. He states that the king was sending armies to complete "the works of death, desolation and tyranny," all phrases which evoke emotion in the reader. He also states that the circumstances at that time were that of "Cruelty" even compared to "the most barbarous ages" and completely uncivilized.