Is there evidence out there that possibly shows that Matthew and Luke were written first and then Mark followed them? What are some examples?

"Evidence" is a strong term to apply to the Gospels; Biblical scholarship relies on the written books and on tradition, and both literacy and good record-keeping were in short supply in the First Century AD. For this reason, it's believed that the four Gospels were transmitted orally by scholars for 30-70 years before they were actually written down.

Mark, a disciple of St. Paul and someone who never actually met Jesus, is believed to have written the first Gospel. It's generally dated to around 65 AD.

Luke is another Gospel writer who is believed to have been a disciple of Paul, not Jesus directly.  His Gospel, as well as Acts of the Apostles, are generally attributed to the same person, whether it was Luke or not. 65-70 AD is the accepted guess.

Matthew, who did know Christ, has a Gospel attributed to him, but it borrows heavily from Mark, which casts serious doubt on its authorship. Biblical scholars date this to 65 - 70 AD , maybe as late as 100 - 134 AD. It’s commonly attributed to a tax collector named Levi.

The Gospel of John was written around 100 AD, but is said to have been approved by him in its oral form. It is so different in tone from the other three that it is not regarded as a “Synoptic” Gospel. Many different Saints John have been conflated into the author of the Gospel according to John.

According to biblical scholar E.P. Sanders, it’s clear that St. Paul never read the Gospels and was apparently unaware of them. Likewise, the Gospel’s authors, including the two whom Paul taught directly, never read his Letters, which implies that they were written after his association with them. But however they were written, Mark and Luke are believed to be the first two, with Matthew a close third.

How the theme of failed father figures shapes the story of Frankenstein. Why might this theme be important to Mary Shelley?

Mary Shelley was the daughter of two famous radicals. Her mother, Mary Wollstonecraft, a writer and early pioneer for women's rights, died when Mary was quite young. Her father, William Godwin, was a famous writer and political philosopher. He was called "Jacobin" and "Guillotinist" for his hostility to the aristocracy and his approval of the French Revolution, at least initially. (The modern equivalent of these taunts would be "Communist" or "jihadist.") When Mary took up with Percy Bysshe Shelley, her father disapproved; Shelley was already married (His wife would later commit suicide, enabling Mary and Percy to wed in 1816) and he was a dreaded aristocrat. For all Godwin's disapproval of Shelley, he did not hesitate to ask him for money. In 1822, Percy died in a boating accident and Mary had to raise their son alone. The Courtney Love of her day, she was often accused of being an unfit mother.

Her father and husband made fatherhood a lower priority than their writing and politics. In the first edition of Frankenstein in 1818, she made Victor Frankenstein's father seem rather indulgent, but by the third edition in 1831, he was presented as feckless and distant. She portrayed Victor as someone who wrote passionate love letters to Elizabeth, but who spent all but a few days of his adult life avoiding her, in his lab and on his coaching tours. Victor's sole stab at fatherhood was to create a monster, without a woman's participation, whom he would spend the rest of his life trying to destroy.

Mary Shelley was a product of both the Gothic and Romantic movements, which (as stylistic elements) portrayed love as destructive and relationships as toxic. Her contentious relationships with her father and husband certainly contributed to this mix, but did not define it entirely.

What did the Americans achieve after the revolution?

After the Revolutionary War ended, the Americans accomplished many things. One thing they accomplished was setting up a new plan of government. The first plan of government was the Articles of Confederation. While there were weaknesses with this plan, it did get us through the early days of our independence and the period of time after the war ended. It was eventually replaced by a new plan, the Constitution, which has been our plan of government for over 200 years.

We developed a way to deal with the western lands after the Revolution. The Land Ordinance of 1785 divided western lands into townships. These townships were subdivided into squares, and much of that land could be sold. It was a good way for the government to raise money and to organize the land in the West.

We also developed a plan that became a model for how territories could become states. The Northwest Ordinance of 1787 established the process that was used for territories to follow in order to become a state. Five states were created from the Northwest Territory. Other areas that became territories followed the process of becoming a state that was established by this law.

We started to deal with other countries after the Revolutionary War. We let those countries know they wouldn’t be able to push us around. We negotiated treaties with Spain and Great Britain that prevented us from going to war. These treaties resolved some of the trade issues that existed. They also got the Spanish and British to do stop encouraging the Native Americans to attack us. Great Britain also agreed to leave the forts in the West.

We also began to develop our financial system. A debt plan was passed to help us pay our debts. A national bank was created to help the government, the businesses, and the people handle financial issues.

There were many things that needed to be done after the Revolutionary War ended up to 1800. With two plans of government and with good leaders much was accomplished during this time period.

How does the quote"Lennie, for God's sakes don't drink so much" related to the Great Depression?

This is an interesting question.  George and Lennie's interaction in this scene does offer insights about the Great Depression in two ways. 

First, the men are poor.  They have little to eat and little to drink.  Many people during the Great Depression lost their jobs and so they could not take care of themselves well. We can see this clearly in this scene.  George and Lennie had to drink from a stagnant body of water, even if the water might make them sick.  George actually mentions that Lennie got sick the day before. 

Second, George and Lennie are migrant workers, who have left one place of employment, and they are sojourning to another.  They know nothing of settling down.  They are in this predicament, because during the depression, jobs were scarce, and men had to go wherever they could find work. 

What are some things that make prokaryotes and eukaryotes different? What are examples of prokaryotes and eukaryotes?

Prokaryotes and eukaryotes separate life on Earth into two main divisions. The main difference between prokaryotes and eukaryotes that most textbooks emphasize is that prokaryotes lack a nucleus, while eukaryotes have a nucleus that encloses their DNA. When the terms are broken down, we see that karyote refers to a 'kernel' or 'nut' because when scientists first saw a nucleus in a cell they thought it looked like a small kernel. 'Pro' means 'before' so you can remember that prokaryotes do not have a nucleus because they were around before a nucleus had developed. This is true when looking at evolutionary history as well. 'Eu' means 'true' so remember that eukaryotes have a true nucleus. Also, YOU (as a human) are a EUkaryote, and your cells indeed have nuclei (except a few, mainly red blood cells). 

Some other differences include that the DNA in prokaryotes is circular, while DNA in eukaryotes is linear. As a result of this, DNA replication occurs differently as well. In prokaryotes, DNA replication begins in one spot (one origin of replication), while in eukaryotes it begins in multiple spots (multiple origins of replication).

Another difference is that prokaryotes have no membrane-bound organelles, while eukaryotes have many different membrane-bound organelles including the golgi apparatus, endoplasmic reticulum, mitochondria, chloroplasts (for plants), and lysosomes. They both have ribosomes because they both need to make proteins, but the ribosomes in eukaryotes are larger than those in prokaryotes. The overall size of the cells are very different as well. Eukaryotes are much larger than prokaryotes.

Prokaryotes divide by binary fission, while eukaryotes divide by mitosis, a more complex process. Also, eukaryotes have the ability to use meiosis to create gametes with genetic variation, while the only way the prokaryotes can introduce genetic variation is to swap DNA with another prokaryote through the process of conjugation.

There are more complex differences, but these are the main differences between prokaryotes and eukaryotes that most students would be expected to know. I hope this helps!

"The Open Window" uses the "Anonymous narration (single character point of view)" narrative technique throughout most of the story. Which character...

The story is told almost entirely through Framton Nuttel's viewpoint. The only departure comes at the very end when he is described from the anonymous narrator's own point of view, as follows:

Framton grabbed wildly at his stick and hat; the hall door, the gravel drive, and the front gate were dimly noted stages in his headlong retreat. A cyclist coming along the road had to run into the hedge to avoid imminent collision.

There is also a sort of "coda" in which both Mr. and Mrs. Sappleton discuss Framton and his sudden flight. Vera tells about how Framton was attacked by a pack of pariah dogs in India, but this is not her point of view; it is from the point of view of her aunt and uncle to whom she is telling the fantastic story. The purpose of this interchange among the three characters is solely to establish that Mr. Sappleton is not a ghost but an ordinary country squire, which proves that the story Vera told to Framton about the three hunters being sucked into a bog several years ago is a complete fabrication. We should realize that as soon as Mr. Sappleton asks:

"Who was that who bolted out as we came up?"

The rest of the story is told through Framton's point of view. For instance, when he first meets Vera he sees her as a very self-possessed young lady, but there is no indication of how she perceives him. Then the narrator goes right into Framton's mind and tells how he is feeling and what he is thinking.

Framton Nuttel endeavoured to say the correct something which should duly flatter the niece of the moment without unduly discounting the aunt that was to come. Privately he doubted more than ever whether these formal visits on a succession of total strangers would do much towards helping the nerve cure which he was supposed to be undergoing.

Although Vera does most of the talking before her aunt arrives, and although her aunt does much of the talking after that, the reader understands that they are talking to Framton and are being observed and heard from his point of view. In the big finale when the hunters appear outside headed for the open window, the narrator specifically declares that they are being seen by Framton and that he is having an emotional reaction to their approach.

The child was staring out through the open window with a dazed horror in her eyes. In a chill shock of nameless fear Framton swung round in his seat and looked in the same direction.

     In the deepening twilight three figures were walking across the lawn towards the window, they all carried guns under their arms, and one of them was additionally burdened with a white coat hung over his shoulders. A tired brown spaniel kept close at their heels. Noiselessly they neared the house, and then a hoarse young voice chanted out of the dusk: "I said, Bertie, why do you bound?"

Vera is putting on an act for Framton's benefit--but it is Framton's perception of Vera that is described. This is appropriate because the reader does not suspect as yet that the whole thing is a hoax. The author's intention is not only to fool Framton Nuttel but to fool the reader. This would be impossible if there was ever any indication that part of the story was being told through Vera's point of view--although it would be very interesting to see inside her mind and understand what that point of view actually was. She does not know anything about Framton's nervous disorder. He would not discuss that with a young girl. He does not bring it up until he meets the aunt. In fact, Framton hardly says anything to Vera, and she is forced to do most of the talking.

"Do you know many of the people round here?" asked the niece, when she judged that they had had sufficient silent communion.

Although Vera asks a lot of questions to find out how much Framton knows about the people in the region, and although her long story about the three dead hunters takes up the remainder of her private time with Framton, the whole interview is seen and heard via Framton's point of view. The only deviation comes at the end of the story when Framton has fled from the scene and his point of view is thereby eliminated.

In what ways was the economy of the New South different from, and similar to, the economy of the past?

After the Civil War ended and Reconstruction began, there were many changes in the South. One of those changes dealt with the economy of the South. Before the Civil War, the South had very little industry. Because of the mild climate and fertile soil, the vast majority of southerners were farmers. They grew various products including tobacco, wheat, rice, and cotton. By 1860, cotton became the main exported product of the southern farmers.

After the Civil War ended, things changed in the South. Many people still were farmers, but there was a definite growth in the number of industries in the South. Southerners realized they need an economy that was based on options than just mainly on farming. The growth of industries helped the South’s economy diversify as time passed. Additionally, as industries grew, more railroads were built in the South. Northerners began to invest in the South. This also helped industries grow. Gradually the "New South" was becoming less dependent on farming as more industries were being developed throughout the region.