What images does she use to describe "The Fish"? Elizabeth Bishop relies on precise imagery in this poem, not only to describe the fish, but to...

Elizabeth Bishop's poetry is descriptive, and in "The Fish" the speaker paints with images. The imagery that describes the fish and the speaker's reactions is mostly visual.

These images are reflective not only of nature, but of the self-referential element of art. For instance, the skin of the captured fish looks to the speaker like peeling "ancient wallpaper"; on the fish's side, there seem to be shapes resembling "full-blown roses" with petals that have become stained while some have fallen off. This old fish has barnacles on him that appear as rosettes with "tiny white sea-lice" while green weeds that look like rags hang from him.

At the end of the poem, the images are conjoined in the visual imagery of a rainbow when the self-referential speaker envisions "victory" filling up the boat because of her catch (the spilled motor oil and water) along with the fish's victory over other fisherman evinced by the hooks in his lip. Seeing these images of a rainbow on the sides of the old victorious fish as well as in the boat, the speaker sympathetically releases him:

...everything
was rainbow, rainbow, rainbow! 
And I let the fish go.

In Fahrenheit 451, when Montag visits Faber, Faber calls himself a coward. Why? In what way has he acted cowardly?

In their conversation, Faber tells Montag that, long ago, he noticed how the authorities (government, firemen, etc.) were beginning to become more oppressive. He says "I saw the way things were going, a long time back. I said nothing." Faber is a college professor. He is/was knowledgeable about dystopian narratives, the ways in which authorities can oppress and/or brainwash citizens, so he would have been able to recognize events shifting towards a more oppressive state. Therefore, Faber (with this knowledge) felt he had a responsibility to speak out and protest this shift toward a more oppressive state where books are banned. Since he did nothing, Faber considers himself to be a coward. He adds that when books started being burned he "grunted" at first but no one would grunt (protest) with him, so he stopped. 

Faber has basically hidden in his home, hiding his open-minded thoughts in his own imagination. While secluded, he has developed the radio device that he will use to communicate with Montag. Again, he calls himself a coward for developing a device that will allow him to stay hidden in his home while someone else can go out into the world to secretly challenge the status quo. He tells Montag: 

Do you hate me for this electronic cowardice of mine? Here I am sending you out into the night, while I stay behind the lines with my damned ears listening for you to get your head chopped off. 

What is allegorical about the girl Santiago meets in Paulo Coelho's The Alchemist?

Fatima is the name of the girl with whom Santiago falls in love in Coelho's The Alchemist. She represents romantic love, future family, and settling down. She is also another of the many teachers who teaches the young shepherd boy about the Soul of the World and everyone's connection to their Personal Legend. Fatima understands that love can wait and if Fate has it planned that Fatima and Santiago are meant to be, then they will circle back around in life and get married. Basically, Coelho is saying that people should discover themselves and their personal legends before they settle down and stay in one place for the rest of their lives. Fatima understands that the Soul of the World connects everyone to the universe; and if their connection is real, then they will find themselves together again after he finds his treasure and accomplishes his life's goals. Fatima explains it perfectly with the following:

"I'm a desert woman, and I'm proud of that. I want my husband to wander as free as the wind that shapes the dunes. And, if I have to, I will accept the fact that he has become a part of the clouds, and the animals, and the water of the desert"(98).

What happens to the yellow sheet of paper in the story "Contents of a Dead Man's Pocket"?

The yellow sheet, which represents hours and week-ends of research by Tom Benecke rises from Tom's desk and whisks out the window when his wife opens the door of their apartment. Throwing caution out the window to accompany the lost sheet, Tom decides to retrieve his plans for a new grocery display. 

 After the yellow sheet of paper whirls out the open window, it lands out on the building's edge, eleven stories in the air. Tom manages to retrieve it, and, after a harrowing experience of balancing himself while he thrusts his hand through the glass of the window which fell shut as he nearly fell and slid against it, he crashes through this window and rather distractedly lays the sheet down on his desk with only a pencil on top of it.
Having pondered the existential absurdity of what he has done, Tom decides to hurry to the cinema where he can sit with his wife; ironically when he opens the door to depart, the draft again lifts the sheet and it flies out the broken window.
This time Tom watches the yellow sheet sail through the air and out of his life. "Tom Benecke burst into laughter and then closed the door behind him."

What rights are claimed to be given to all men, Americans ?

The best answer to this is to say that “all men” have the rights to “life, liberty and the pursuit of happiness.” We can also state this by saying that they have the rights to life, liberty, and property.

In the Declaration of Independence, Thomas Jefferson used the first of these formulas.  He said that “all men” were given those three rights by their creator.  This was an important idea because it meant that people had rights that government could not morally take away from them. Jefferson got this idea from the political philosopher John Locke.  Locke argued that all people innately had the right to their lives, to their liberty, and to their property.  He argued that governments were created to protect these rights, but that the rights did not come from the government.

So, the most likely answer to this question is that all Americans claim the right to life, liberty, and the pursuit of happiness.

What theme does Harper Lee's To Kill a Mockingbird have in common with Tomasz Jastrun's poem "Father and Son"?

As the title of Tomasz Jastrun's poem "Father and Son" indicates, one of the poem's central themes concerns the importance of father-son relationships. Words of the poem make it clear that the father and son do not necessarily agree on all aspects of life; yet, despite their disagreements, they remain close. A similar theme exists in Harper Lee's To Kill a Mockingbird, which is developed through Atticus and Jem's relationship.

It is clear from the second line of the poem that the father and son in the poem are having some sort of conflict, as, based on the second line, the son is looking at the father "with reproach." Yet, by the sixth line of the poem, the son has decided to set aside his difference of opinion in order to make up with his father, as can be seen by the fact that the sixth line describes the son hugging the father. Though the words of the poem do not clearly spell out what the conflict is between the father and son, we know that neither of them find the conflict important enough to drive a wedge between their relationship; they both value their relationship far more than they value their own separate opinions. The fact that they clearly value their relationship helps develop the theme concerning the importance of a father-son relationship.

We see the importance of a father-son relationship revealed in Atticus and Jem's relationship as well. Atticus and Jem have many disagreements all throughout To Kill a Mockingbird, most of which they resolve. One example can be seen in the fact that Jem really wants Atticus to be the sort of father who can play football with him, like many fathers play with their sons, yet Atticus feels he is too old to be able to play and must let his son down.

A stronger example can be seen when, on the night Jem fears Atticus will be attacked by a mob, Jem goes out to check up on and protect Atticus if at all possible. However, fearing for his children's safety above his own, Atticus disagrees with Jem's insistence on remaining at the jailhouse with Atticus, as seen when Atticus says, "Go home, Jem ... Take Scout and Dill home," but Jem refuses (Ch. 15). Atticus even orders and begs Jem to go home multiple times, but Jem still refuses, showing us that Atticus and Jem have conflicting opinions at this particular moment. Though Atticus fears for his children's safety, it turns out that their being there is a good thing as Scout is inadvertently able to save the day by naively reminding Walter Cunningham, the mob leader, of his humanity.

Though Atticus disagreed with Jem's opinion that he should remain at the jailhouse with Atticus, since the situation turned out well, Atticus and his son make up on the way home. As Scout notes, "Atticus reached out and massaged Jem's hair, his one gesture of affection," similarly to the son hugging the father in Jastrun's poem. Atticus and Jem's ability to make up despite differences of opinion help develop the theme of the importance of father-son relationships, just as events in the poem develop the same theme.

Why can karyotyping only be carried out only when the cells about to divide?

In order to understand why karyotyping can only be done on cells that are about to divide, one must first understand what karyotyping is. Karyotyping is a technique used to visualize the chromosomes that are located within a single cell. This visualization allows scientists to examine the size, number, arrangement, and structure of the chromosomes present. This is important because karyotyping can then be used to look for specific genetic conditions, such as trisomy of a chromosome, or translocations of one part of a chromosome to another nonhomologus chromosome, both of which can lead to major physiological complications and consequences. The reason cells must be close to dividing for this technique to be used is because chromosomes are actually found as long thin structures in a non-dividing cell. These structures are to fine to be labeled and imaged. However when the cell is going through the replication process, these structures are wound into a tighter form that is large enough to be both labeled and visualized through microscopy. Typically, in a normal karyotyping test, scientists will analyze and compare the chromosome sets of at least 10 different cells to help confirm their findings. Hope this helps!