In Lord of the Flies, what did Jack promise?

When Jack, who has been tasked to provide food for the "tribe" of boys on the island, first has an opportunity to kill a piglet, he cannot bring himself to slaughter the animal.  When the boys talk about the hunt, Jack explains away his inability to kill the pig this way:

"I was choosing a place," said Jack. "I was just waiting for a moment to decide where to stab him."

But the other boys know better. They know the real reason that Jack could not kill the pig is

because of the enormity of the knife descending and cutting into living flesh; because of the unbearable blood.

Jack is humiliated by his self-defeat. Ralph has recently won out over Jack as leader of the boys, and Jack wants desperately to prove himself. He becomes even more determined to succeed:

"I was choosing a place. Next time--!"  He snatched his knife out of the sheath and slammed it into a tree trunk.  Next time there would be no mercy. He looked round fiercely, daring them to contradict.

His promise of killing a pig "next time" is fulfilled, as he goes on to kill several pigs--and, indirectly, a lonely boy named Piggy.

What is the distance between two points?

Distance, in simplest terms, can be defined as the measure of difference in location of two points. When we say, I walked 10 m or ran a 100 m race, what we really mean is we traveled a distance of 10 m or 100 m, respectively (assuming motion in longitudinal direction only). In geometry, points are represented by the x and y (and z) coordinates. If the position (or location) of the two points A and B is given as (x1, y1) and (x2, y2), then the distance between them can be calculated as:

`AB = sqrt((x_2-x_1)^2 + (y_2-y_1)^2)`

For example, in the cases earlier stated (walking 10 m or running 100 m race), there is no y-component and hence the distance is only the difference between the longitudinal components (x2 and x1). 

Distance is used to determine speed of an object, as the ratio of distance traveled and time taken. Distance has units of meter or m.

Hope this helps. 

What points can be made about conflict in Macbeth?

There are really two separate types of conflict in Shakespeare's Macbeth. The first type is external, in which characters struggle against other people or circumstances. The second type of conflict is internal, in which characters struggle primarily against their own natures. What makes the play so interesting is primarily the way Macbeth and Lady Macbeth struggle to overcome their better natures. 

When Lady Macbeth observes the approach of Duncan, she says:

... Come, you spirits ... unsex me here,

And fill me from the crown to the toe topful

Of direst cruelty!

By this she means that as a woman she is naturally kindhearted, malleable, and nurturing but that to advance her plot and make Macbeth king, she needs to steel herself to act in an unwomanly manner by helping kill Duncan. Thus we see her struggle against her natural inclinations in this passage. This conflict though, eventually drives her mad.

Macbeth, who initially was described by Lady Macbeth as having a nature "too full o' th' milk of human kindness" becomes stronger and more evil as the play progresses, overcoming his internal conflicts, with each evil act making it easier to think and behave in an evil fashion.

The external conflicts consist of Duncan's justified suppression of the rebellion, Macbeth's murders of Duncan, Banquo, and Macduff's family, and the eventual overthrow of Macbeth by Malcolm and Macduff.

I need five events that happened in the story "Young Goodman Brown."

A lot happens in that story, which is amazing, because it is a fairly short story.  I'll try and pick 5 main events that walk you through some of the highlights.  

Event one: Young Goodman Brown leaves his house.  His wife begs him to stay, but he leaves anyway claiming that his travels need to happen right then.  

My journey, as thou callest it, forth and back again, must needs be done 'twixt now and sunrise.

Event two: Young Goodman Brown comes across a man waiting for him in the forest.  The reader will soon find out that the man is the Devil.  

Event three: The Devil tells Goodman Brown that all kinds of people have communion with the Devil. 

The deacons of many a church have drunk the communion wine with me; the selectmen of divers towns make me their chairman; and a majority of the Great and General Court are firm supporters of my interest. The governor and I, too—But these are state secrets.

Event four: Young Goodman Brown is shown all kinds of people that he thought were good Christians.  Each person he is shown has had dealings with the Devil.  People like Goody Cloyse and even the minister have had dealings with the Devil.  

Event five:  Goodman Brown resists the Devil but is mentally and spiritually destroyed when he sees that his wife communes with the devil as well.  

Event six.  Goodman Brown returns to the village a broken man.  He trusts nobody ever again.  Not even his wife.  

When the minister spoke from the pulpit with power and fervid eloquence, and, with his hand on the open Bible, of the sacred truths of our religion, and of saint-like lives and triumphant deaths, and of future bliss or misery unutterable, then did Goodman Brown turn pale, dreading lest the roof should thunder down upon the gray blasphemer and his hearers. Often, waking suddenly at midnight, he shrank from the bosom of Faith; and at morning or eventide, when the family knelt down at prayer, he scowled and muttered to himself, and gazed sternly at his wife, and turned away.

Why must they creep "like animals" through Kruger Park?

In The Ultimate Safari the little girl narrator and the group she travels with must traverse through Kruger Park. 

"He said we must move like animals among the animals, away from the roads, away from the white people’s camps."

The main reason they must move like animals among animals is to avoid detection. She states that there are wardens, police, and white-people camps, and if the group were to be found traveling through the park, they'd be sent back to where they came from—but where they came from has no food. This is why they must avoid the roads and not build fires while they travel through the park. 

Furthermore, the group doesn't wish to draw any attention to themselves because of the many deadly animals that reside in the park. The group has a particularly close encounter with a group of lions in the night but manages to escape unscathed. 

What was life like for a heroin addict playing bebop in the late 1940s?

Life was precarious for such musicians and would-be musicians. Their life expectancies were short. There was very little work for musicians who wanted to play that kind of modern jazz. If they got work as musicians, they were usually forced to play other kinds of music such a Country-Western and what they called "Businessman's Bounce," that is, night club music. When they played be-bop it was after hours when they would get together in some back room and play for nothing. Even some of the famous jazz musicians like Charlie Parker had a hard time getting by. Outside of New York, be-bop was not popular. The aspiring be-boppers naturally imitated musicians like Charlie Parker and Lester Young. Charlie Parker was addicted to heroin, so the younger be-boppers developed heroin habits, thinking this would make them play better, which was a bad mistake. Billie Holiday was also heavily into drugs and widely imitated. Young jazz musicians lived in the cheapest places they could find. They were often in a criminal environment and got involved in criminal activities such as selling marijuana and heroin. The life of be-boppers in those days was not much different from what Mezz Mezzrow describes in his very interesting book Really the Blues (1946), which was about a much earlier era in the 1920s and 1930s. The Forties and Fifties were a time of great prosperity for Americans--but not for be-bop musicians!

Why do Marullus and Flavius take decorations off Caesar's statues?

Marullus and Flavius are horrified by the citizens’ celebrations upon Caesar’s return to Rome after the defeat of Pompey. Pompey was a hero whom the citizens loved and his opposition to Caesar led to a civil war. Caesar prevailed, and the citizens, once loyal to Pompey, now “strew flowers in his [Caesar’s] way” to celebrate Pompey’s defeat. Marullus and Flavius are angry at how easily the citizens’ loyalty shifts and how quickly they forget who they support in favor of whoever is in power. As the tribunes of the people, Marullus and Flavius likely petitioned the Senate on behalf of the citizens in support of Pompey in the past; with Pompey now dead and Caesar ascendant, Marullus and Flavius find themselves worryingly on the losing side. Their fates are far from certain, and to add insult to possibly fatal injury, the citizens they represent have double-crossed them and expediently switched their allegiance to Caesar. Marullus and Flavius can’t stand the idea of Caesar being triumphantly welcomed and decide at the very least (though Marullus is a bit hesitant) to take the celebratory wreaths and garlands off the statues. Later on, Casca reports that both of them were “put to silence,” an enigmatic statement that suggests that they were right to fear for their lives under a Caesar regime.