The Industrial Revolution had an enormous impact on Great Britain. Cities and towns grew in a process that is known as urbanization. Urban areas grew in population and importance because the factories were located in the larger population centers so that labor and transportation needs could be met. As agricultural techniques improved, the number of farmers needed decreased. Naturally, many migrated towards urban centers to find work.
The Industrial Revolution also improved transportation networks. Manufactured goods need to be transported to markets to be sold. As a result, Britain improved its transportation infrastructure. This is especially true of the development of rail lines to connect the different towns and ports. New canals were constructed for river travel in order to connect the industrial cities with the necessary inputs for goods. Communication networks were also improved as a necessity for the new industrial economy.
Unfortunately, there were negative consequences to industrialism. The system created stark social class lines with some acquiring vast sums of wealth while others suffered. Laborers were required to work long hours in dangerous conditions with very little rights. Children were utilized as laborers which ultimately hurt their ability to seek a better future. Women increasingly left the home to seek employment. As a result of these inequalities, many demanded social and political change to improve the conditions of the lower classes.
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