The given equation is the chemical reaction that takes places during photosynthesis. In this reaction, carbon dioxide and water react, in presence of sunlight and form glucose and oxygen. The balanced chemical equation for thta is given as:
`6H_2O + 6CO_2 + sunlight -> C_6H_12O_6 + 6O_2`
To balance a chemical equation, the idea is to have equal number of atoms of each element on both sides of the equation, that is, on product and reactant side. For example, if start with hydrogen atom, there are 12 atoms on reactant side (in the balanced equation) and 12 atoms in product side, so hydrogen is balanced. In the unbalanced equation, there were only 2 hydrogen atoms on reactant side and hence a multiplier of 6 was added as coefficient to water molecule. Similarly, all the other molecules can be balanced as well.
Hope this helps.
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