At the beginning of the story, Montresor claims that he has suffered a "thousand injuries" at the hand of Fortunato. He never goes into any detail about these alleged injuries, but they are significant enough to arouse extreme anger in Montresor. It was an insult that was the last straw for Montresor. This prompted Montresor to begin planning his revenge. He was determined to "not only punish, but punish with impunity." Montresor is a proud, calculating, and vengeful man.
Montresor adds that he has given Fortunato no reason to suspect he (Montresor) is up to anything. From Fortunato's point of view, he and Montresor are still friends and nothing has changed. This is part of Montresor's strategy. The other part of his strategy is to use Fortunato's pride against him. Montresor knows Fortunato takes great pride in his knowledge of wines. So, Montresor comes up with a plan of claiming to be unsure about the authenticity of a cask of amontillado. He says that he will ask Luchesi, knowing that Fortunato will call Luchesi a hack and demand that he, Fortunato, should be the one to test the amontillado himself. Thus, Montresor lures Fortunato into the catacombs to find the amontillado and, unbeknownst to Fortunato, also to lure him to his death.
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