Sunday, January 6, 2013

How did Enlightenment thinkers influence the Declaration of Independence?

The men that signed the Declaration of Independence, as well as the man who wrote it, were very much influenced by Enlightenment political theory.  The Declaration of Independence stated that if a government does not protect the freedoms of its citizens, the citizens have the right to overthrow said government.  This is the idea of a social contract that grew out of Enlightenment thought.  Jean Jacques Rousseau spoke of legitimate governments that citizens should submit to.  These are governments that are not tyrannical in nature.  


John Locke speaks of natural rights that the government cannot deny its subjects.  These rights, as Locke defines them, are life, liberty, and property.  Thomas Jefferson, in writing the Declaration of Independence, quoted John Locke nearly verbatim in discussing the unalienable rights of man (life, liberty, and the pursuit of happiness.)  Enlightenment ideals of equality and popular sovereignty are also prevalent in the Declaration of Independence. 

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