Since its inception as a single unified nation in 221 BCE under the rule of the Qin dynasty, China has faced numerous military invasions. The Mongol invasion of the 13th century lasted several decades and culminated in the establishment of the Yuan dynasty by Kublai Kahn in 1279. This represented the first time that the whole of China had been conquered by an outside force and come under the absolute rule of a foreign power. Following the collapse of the Yuan dynasty and the return of power to native Han Chinese, the country was again conquered by Manchurian tribes in the early to mid 1600s. The Manchus once again brought China under the rule of a foreign power with the establishment of the Qing dynasty. During World War II, is what is known as the Second Sino-Japanese War, Japan invaded and controlled substantial territories within China's borders, but failed to truly conquer the nation and bring it under foreign control before surrendering to allied forces.
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