In any collision, the linear momentum of the system is conserved. By considering the initial (before collision) and final (after collision) momenta of the system, and making them equal to each other, we can find the unknown mass of the first object.
It appears that the third object does not participate in collision, so it's final velocity will remain the same: .
The initial momentum of the system consisting of the two objects is
Projecting this onto the x-axis (horizontal axis directed to the right) gives
Similarly, the final momentum of this system is
Projecting this to the x-axis gives
Since the initial momentum and final momentum are equal, :
From here, kg.
The mass of the first object is 31.7 kg.
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