Describe the Upper South and Lower South.

The South was divided into two regions. One region was called the Upper South while the other region was called the Lower South.

The Upper South included the states of Maryland, Virginia, and North Carolina. Farming was the main job in these states. Farmers raised tobacco, hemp, wheat, and vegetables in this region by 1860.

The Lower South, which also was called the Deep South, included the states of South Carolina, Georgia, Alabama, Mississippi, Louisiana, Florida, and Texas. This area was also an agricultural area and the main crops that were grown here by 1860 were sugar and rice.

Slavery was important throughout the South. There were many plantations found throughout the South. Many slaves worked on these plantations harvesting the crops. The climate and soil of the South were suited for farming. This helps explain why the South is mainly an agricultural region.