I assume, you are referring to the melting of ice caps and glaciers. This melting is happening due to global warming, or an increase in the average temperature of Earth.
A number of gases (such as carbon dioxide and methane, etc.) capture the heat reflected from Earth's surface and keep our planet warm enough for life to survive. This phenomenon is known as greenhouse effect.
However, over the past couple of centuries, the concentration of these gases is increasing. This increase is mainly due to the use of fossil fuels (apart from a number of other factors) for energy generation. An increased concentration has resulted in enhanced greenhouse effect and hence melting of ice caps and glaciers. This is one of the reasons for the big push towards renewable energy sources.
Hope this helps.
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